By the 1980s, an independence movement emerged and grew quickly, leading to Georgia's secession from the Soviet Union in April 1991.
Following World War I, Georgia was forcibly annexed by the Soviet Union in 1922, becoming one of its fifteen constituent republics. In 1783, one of the Georgian kingdoms entered an alliance with the Russian Empire, which proceeded to annex the territory of modern Georgia in a piecemeal fashion throughout the 19th century.Īfter the Russian Revolution in 1917, Georgia emerged as an independent republic under German protection. Thereafter, the kingdom declined and eventually disintegrated under the hegemony of various regional powers, including the Mongols, the Ottoman Empire and successive dynasties of Persia. In the Middle Ages, the unified Kingdom of Georgia emerged and reached its Golden Age during the reign of King David the Builder and Queen Tamar the Great in the 12th and early 13th centuries. Georgians officially adopted Christianity in the early fourth century, which contributed to the spiritual and political unification of early Georgian states.
Tbilisi is the capital and largest city, home to roughly a quarter of the population.ĭuring the classical era, several independent kingdoms became established in what is now Georgia, such as Colchis and Iberia. Georgia is a representative democracy governed as a unitary parliamentary republic. It covers 69,700 square kilometres (26,911 sq mi), and has a population of around 4 million. It is a part of the Caucasus region, bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north and east by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. Georgia ( საქართველო, Sakartvelo IPA: ( listen)) is a country located at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia.
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